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In the rapidly evolving world of automotive technology, car keys have transformed from simple metal tools into sophisticated electronic devices. As vehicles become smarter, so do their keys. From keyless entry to biometric authentication, car key technology continues to push boundaries. Let’s explore the next frontier of car key innovations and how they’ll impact convenience, security, and vehicle ownership.

1. Digital Keys: Unlocking with Your Smartphone

One of the most exciting advancements is the rise of digital keys. These allow you to unlock and start your car using just your smartphone.

  • How It Works: Digital keys rely on Bluetooth or NFC (Near Field Communication) technology to securely transmit signals between your phone and the car.
  • Convenience: No more fumbling for keys. Your phone acts as your all-in-one device.
  • Security Features: Many digital key apps offer encrypted access and the ability to revoke permissions instantly if your phone is lost or stolen.

This innovation is gaining traction among automakers and is expected to become standard in the near future.

2. Biometric Authentication: Keys That Recognize You

Biometric car keys are already starting to appear in premium vehicles. These keys use your unique physical features to grant access.

  • Fingerprint Recognition: Similar to unlocking your phone, some car keys now scan your fingerprint to unlock the car.
  • Facial Recognition: Cameras built into the vehicle can identify you and automatically unlock the doors.
  • Why It Matters: Biometrics provide an additional layer of security, making it nearly impossible for thieves to gain unauthorized access.

This cutting-edge technology ensures that only you—and those you authorize—can start your vehicle.

3. Smart Key Customization: Personalization at Its Best

The future of car keys isn’t just about unlocking cars; it’s about creating personalized driving experiences.

  • Pre-Set Preferences: Smart keys can remember your seat position, climate control settings, and even your preferred music playlist.
  • User Profiles: In households with multiple drivers, smart keys can switch profiles based on who’s using the car.
  • Why It’s Useful: This feature saves time and enhances comfort, making every drive tailored to your needs.

As vehicles become more personalized, smart keys will play a vital role in delivering these conveniences.

4. Ultra-Secure Encryption: Fighting Key Hacking

As technology advances, so do the tactics of cybercriminals. To combat this, car key technology is embracing stronger encryption.

  • Rolling Codes: Modern key fobs use rolling codes that change with every use, making it harder for hackers to intercept signals.
  • Blockchain Technology: Some experts predict that blockchain could be integrated into car key systems for unbreakable security.
  • Impact on Security: These measures aim to eliminate vulnerabilities, ensuring that only the rightful owner can access the vehicle.

Advanced encryption is a critical step in securing the future of car ownership.

5. Integration with Smart Homes: A Connected Lifestyle

Imagine your car keys working seamlessly with your smart home devices. This future is closer than you think.

  • Examples:
    • Unlock your car and have your home’s lights turn on simultaneously.
    • Use voice commands to lock your car doors through your home assistant.
  • Convenience Factor: This integration enhances the interconnectedness of your daily routines, saving you time and effort.

As smart ecosystems grow, car keys will become a pivotal part of a connected lifestyle.

6. Eco-Friendly Innovations: Sustainable Car Keys

Sustainability is a growing concern in all industries, including automotive technology. Car keys are no exception.

  • Recyclable Materials: Future car keys could be made from eco-friendly or recycled materials.
  • Energy-Efficient Batteries: Expect longer-lasting, rechargeable batteries that reduce waste.
  • Why It Matters: These changes not only benefit the environment but also align with the broader push toward sustainable vehicle manufacturing.

As the industry shifts toward greener practices, even car keys are becoming part of the solution.

A New Era of Car Keys

Car key technology is on the cusp of incredible transformations, combining convenience, security, and sustainability. Whether through digital keys, biometrics, or smart home integration, the future holds endless possibilities for making your driving experience safer and more seamless.

For car owners, these innovations mean less hassle, greater control, and enhanced peace of mind. As car key technology evolves, so does the way we interact with our vehicles—ushering in a new era of smarter and more secure mobility.

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Which Cars Benefit Most From Hydrogel Navigation Protection? (2026 Overview)

Which Cars Benefit Most From Hydrogel Navigation Protection? (2026 Overview)

Modern cars rely heavily on large navigation and infotainment screens. These displays are used constantly and exposed to scratches, fingerprints, dust, heat and direct sunlight. Repairs are expensive, and replacement screens can cost several hundred euros. A hydrogel screen protector adds a thin, flexible layer that guards the display without affecting clarity or touch response. Premium and Luxury Models Premium brands adopted large infotainment screens early, making them among the most likely to benefit. BMW models such as the 3 Series , 5 Series and X5 use wide, high-resolution displays (up to 14.9”). Audi cars like the A4 , A6 and Q5 include 10–12” touchscreens. Mercedes-Benz models such as the C-Class , E-Class and GLC use vertically oriented 11–12” MBUX screens. Porsche vehicles (Cayenne, Macan, Panamera) and Tesla models (Model 3, Y, S) use some of the largest screens in Europe. These vehicles benefit significantly from a hydrogel protector thanks to their large surfaces and frequent touch use. Popular European Models Mainstream European cars now feature screens as large as luxury models. Volkswagen offers 10–15” displays in models such as the Golf , Tiguan and Passat . Škoda uses up to 13” screens in the Octavia , Superb and Kodiaq . Dacia equips models like the Jogger , Duster and Sandero with 7–10” displays. Toyota (Corolla, RAV4, Yaris Cross). Renault (Captur, Clio, Megane E-Tech). Peugeot (208, 3008, 5008) Citroën (C4, C5 Aircross) Nissan (Qashqai, Juke, Leaf) Ford (Focus, Kuga) Kia (Sportage, Ceed, Niro, Picanto, Stonic, Rio, Sorento) all rely on large central touchscreens. As screens grow in size across all price segments, protection becomes increasingly important. Benefits of Hydrogel Screen Protectors Hydrogel film is thin, flexible and adheres tightly. It works on flat and curved surfaces where tempered glass cannot. The material absorbs small impacts and can self-heal minor marks. With its anti-glare properties It keeps the display clear, maintains original brightness and preserves smooth touch performance. It also helps reduce smudges and makes daily cleaning easier. Once you’ve chosen a hydrogel protector for your car, the next step is applying it correctly. Follow our step-by-step guide on how to install a hydrogel navigation screen protector for a perfect bubble-free result. Who Needs Hydrogel Protection the Most? Any car with: a large touchscreen (8” or more) glossy glass prone to fingerprints curved edges high cabin sun exposure Hydrogel is especially useful for daily drivers, family cars and vehicles where multiple people interact with the system. Rental, Company and Service Vehicles Benefit Even More Cars used for business—such as rental cars , company vehicles , fleet cars , taxis , and service vehicles —experience significantly higher daily usage than private cars. Their navigation screens are touched constantly by different drivers, exposed to dust, temperature changes and frequent cleaning. Because of this heavy wear, screens in rental and company vehicles are far more likely to show scratches, fingerprints and long-term damage. A hydrogel dashboard screen protector adds a durable layer that absorbs daily abuse, keeps the display clear for every driver and reduces maintenance costs for fleet managers. For any vehicle that is shared or driven by multiple users, screen protection is not just useful—it’s essential . FAQ What is a hydrogel screen protector? A thin, flexible film that protects a car’s navigation or dashboard display. How is it installed? Clean the screen, align the film and press it down. Dry installation is recommended. What are the benefits? Scratch resistance, impact absorption, reduced fingerprints and full coverage on curved screens. Is it compatible with all cars? Yes, if you choose a protector cut for your specific model. Does it affect touch response? No. Hydrogel keeps full touch accuracy. How long does it last? Usually 1–3 years, depending on use. Easy to replace. Hydrogel vs tempered glass? Hydrogel fits curved screens and absorbs impacts. Glass is harder but can crack and does not cover complex shapes. For more in depth guide check out Hydrogel vs Tempered Glass Navigation Protectors Comparison How can I protect my car’s navigation screen from scratches and fingerprints? If you want to know more about How to Protect Your Car’s Navigation Screen from Scratches and Fingerprints check out our guide. Visit mr-key.com to find a custom-cut hydrogel protector for your car model. Related Guides How to Install a Hydrogel Navigation Screen Protector How to Protect Your Car’s Navigation Screen from Scratches, Glare & Fingerprints Hydrogel vs Tempered Glass Navigation Protectors Comparison

Lost Your Motorcycle Key? Here's What To Do

Lost Your Motorcycle Key? Here's What To Do

Losing your motorcycle key is stressful, but the solution is almost always simpler than riders think. Whether you’re dealing with a chipped key, a worn ignition, or a code you can’t find, there are clear steps you can follow to get back on the road fast. This guide explains how replacement motorcycle keys really work — from cutting and key codes to immobilizer compatibility — with examples from real motorcycle brands and models. What to Do First When You Lose Your Motorcycle Key Act quickly but stay calm. Most motorcycles can be re-keyed or cut from code without replacing expensive parts. Check for the key code. Look for a small alphanumeric code stamped on the ignition, seat lock, fuel cap, or original key tag. If available, a new key can be cut in minutes. Confirm your key type. Bikes like the BMW C600 Sport, C650GT, G310R , Suzuki Boulevard , Yamaha YZF-R1 , or Honda CB/CBR/CRF may use different blanks, cuts, or chips. Decide between a dealer or emergency locksmith. Dealers rely on VIN lookups but may take days or weeks. A locksmith can often produce a working key on-site. If the key was stolen, secure the bike. A locksmith can re-key the ignition or erase the lost transponder from your system. Cutting a New Motorcycle Key: How It Actually Works Motorcycle keys fall into three categories: mechanical , transponder (chipped) , and keyless fobs . Replacing them works differently for each. Mechanical Keys (most Honda, Yamaha, older Suzuki, Vespa, Piaggio) These are simple metal keys. They can be cut even if you lost the original — locksmiths read the code or decode the lock. Examples from your catalogue with mechanical key options: Honda : CB Series, CBR Series, CRF, FourTrax, Goldwing, XR/XL Yamaha : YZF-R1, YZF-R6, XJR400, FJR1300, SR400 Suzuki : Boulevard (S40/S50), Intruder (700/750/800/1400), Madura, Savage Vespa / Aprilia / Ducati / Piaggio : ZADI key ranges C5001–C6475 These can be cut to code and shipped via replacement key delivery . Transponder Keys (chipped) Modern bikes often use embedded RFID chips. A new key must be: Cut to the correct mechanical pattern Programmed to the bike’s immobilizer or ECU Examples with chip or immobilizer systems: Suzuki models using 4D60 DST40 chips Indian / KTM / Honda ZADI-system motorcycles Newer BMW Motorrad models A dealer or well-equipped locksmith can program transponder keys. Many quoted ECU replacements are unnecessary — a good locksmith can usually pair a new chip directly. Keyless Fobs Some Harley-Davidson and BMW models use proximity fobs. Losing one often immobilizes the bike entirely. Replacements require programming, and towing may be necessary. Examples from your listings: Harley-Davidson saddlebag and fob-linked models (LL226–LL450 range) BMW keyless systems on touring and maxi-scooter models Where Key Codes Are Found (and Why They Matter) Key codes are the fastest, cheapest way to get a replacement key. They define the exact cut pattern. Common key code locations: Ignition barrel underside Seat or helmet lock Fuel cap inner plate Owner’s manual or original key tag ZADI-based systems (used by Vespa, Aprilia, Ducati, Piaggio, Indian, KTM ) typically use numeric ranges like C5001–C6475 , which Mr-Key can cut perfectly. If no code is present, a locksmith can decode the lock manually — no need for new hardware. Dealer vs. Emergency Locksmith: Which Is Better? Dealers Can order keys by VIN Often slow and expensive May insist on full ignition or ECU replacement Useful for rare models or restricted fobs Emergency Locksmiths Faster and mobile Cheaper than dealerships Can cut by code, impression, or lock decoding Can program many transponders without ECU replacement For many riders — especially with models like Honda CB/CBR , Yamaha YZF , Suzuki Intruder , BMW G310R , Vespa/Aprilia/Piaggio — locksmiths are the most efficient choice. Examples of Motorcycles Mr-Key Supports BMW C600 Sport C650GT G310R Honda CB Series CBR Series CRF Series FourTrax Goldwing XR / XL Honda ATV (A00–A99 / B00–B99 codes, 1983–2022) Yamaha YZF-R1 YZF-R6 XJR400 FJR1300 SR400 Suzuki Boulevard S40 / S50 Intruder 700 / 750 / 800 / 1400 Madura Savage 4D60 DST40 transponder models Harley-Davidson Saddle Bag LL226–LL450 Keyless fob models Vespa / Aprilia / Ducati / Piaggio ZADI key codes C5001–C6475 Multiple standard ignition and seat locks KTM / Indian Supported in ZADI Indian/Vespa/KTM/Honda product line How to Avoid Losing Your Key Again Make a spare immediately and store it safely. Add a bright keychain or Bluetooth tracker. Know your emergency start PIN (for keyless bikes). Keep your key code and VIN stored separately from the bike. The AA advises riders to secure spares and document key numbers. FAQ Can a locksmith make a motorcycle key without the original? Yes. Locksmiths can cut by code or decode your ignition/lock manually. Can I get a new key using my motorcycle’s VIN? Dealers can often retrieve the factory key code from the VIN, though delays are common. What if my lost key had a chip? You’ll need both cutting and immobilizer programming. Locksmiths handle this for most brands. Do I need to replace the ignition? Rarely. Only if the key was stolen and security is compromised — not because the key is lost. Need a Replacement Motorcycle Key Fast? If you need a mechanical, transponder, or ZADI-system motorcycle key — or a code-cut replacement delivered to your home — we specialize in fast, professional solutions. Visit our shop at mr-key.com to order a replacement key or request an emergency locksmith.

The Rise of Smart Car Keys: Revolutionizing Vehicle Access and Security

The Rise of Smart Car Keys: Revolutionizing Vehicle Access and Security

In today’s fast-paced world, convenience and security have become paramount, even when it comes to something as seemingly simple as car keys. Gone are the days when a physical metal key was all you needed to start your car. Smart car keys are at the forefront of a technological revolution, reshaping how we access and secure our vehicles. From push-button starts to remote access via smartphone apps, smart car keys are not just a luxury—they are rapidly becoming the standard in automotive innovation. The Evolution of the Car Key The journey of the car key from a mechanical device to a sophisticated electronic gadget mirrors the evolution of the automotive industry itself. The earliest car keys were simple mechanical tools, designed to fit into and turn a lock. By the mid-20th century, advancements introduced key fobs with remote locking and unlocking capabilities, adding a layer of convenience. Fast forward to the 21st century, and the introduction of smart keys has completely transformed the landscape. These keys leverage advanced technology like RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and Bluetooth to communicate seamlessly with vehicles. Instead of physically inserting a key, drivers can now unlock, lock, and start their cars with just a push of a button—or even through proximity sensors. Key Features of Smart Car Keys Modern smart car keys are equipped with a host of features that enhance both convenience and security. Here are some of the most notable functionalities: Keyless Entry and Start: Proximity sensors allow you to unlock your car doors simply by approaching your vehicle. Push-button ignition eliminates the need for a traditional key turn. Remote Access: Many smart keys integrate with smartphone apps, enabling you to lock, unlock, and even start your car remotely from anywhere in the world. Enhanced Security Measures: Smart keys often use encrypted signals, making them nearly impossible to duplicate or hack. Some models include biometric authentication, such as fingerprint recognition. Theft Prevention: Advanced systems disable the car’s engine if the smart key is not detected nearby, adding an additional layer of security. These features have not only made life easier for drivers but have also raised the bar for vehicle security standards. A Global Phenomenon The adoption of smart car keys is not limited to any one region—it’s a global trend. In countries like Germany, Japan, and the United States, automotive manufacturers have embraced this technology as a standard feature in most mid-range to high-end vehicles. Emerging markets are also seeing increased adoption, with local manufacturers integrating smart key technology to remain competitive. Internationally, the demand for smart keys is driven by urbanization and the rising importance of connected devices. In Europe, for example, manufacturers are exploring how smart keys can work alongside digital infrastructure, like smart parking systems, to provide a fully integrated driving experience. Challenges and Limitations Despite their many advantages, smart car keys are not without their challenges. The most common issues include: Battery Dependency: Smart keys rely on batteries, which can fail unexpectedly, leaving drivers stranded if they don’t have a backup plan. High Replacement Costs: Losing a smart key can be expensive, as replacements often require reprogramming by a professional. Hacking Risks: While smart keys are more secure than traditional ones, they are not immune to sophisticated cyberattacks. Manufacturers and cybersecurity experts are working tirelessly to address these challenges, ensuring that the technology remains reliable and secure for users. Future Trends in Smart Key Technology The future of smart car keys promises even more exciting advancements. Here’s what to expect in the coming years: Biometric Integration: Fingerprint and facial recognition are likely to become standard features, providing an unmatched level of personalization and security. Smartphone as a Key: Many manufacturers are working on phasing out physical smart keys altogether, replacing them with app-based solutions that integrate seamlessly with your phone. Sustainability: With growing concerns about electronic waste, manufacturers are exploring eco-friendly materials and designs for future smart keys. These innovations are not only about convenience but also about creating a holistic and secure driving experience. What This Means for Car Owners For car owners, the rise of smart car keys represents a shift in how we interact with our vehicles. While the technology offers incredible benefits, it also requires a certain level of awareness and preparedness. Knowing how to maintain your smart key, replace its battery, or troubleshoot issues can save you time and money in the long run. Additionally, investing in protective cases or backup solutions, such as a spare traditional key, can help you avoid potential inconveniences. As this technology evolves, staying informed about new features and security measures will ensure that you get the most out of your smart key. Driving Into the Future Smart car keys are more than just a convenience—they are a testament to how technology can enhance everyday life. By combining cutting-edge security measures with unparalleled ease of use, these keys have redefined the driving experience. As automotive technology continues to evolve, smart car keys will likely play an even more integral role in shaping the future of transportation. Whether you’re an early adopter of the latest innovations or someone considering upgrading to a vehicle with smart key capabilities, understanding the benefits and challenges of this technology is essential. The road ahead is bright, and smart car keys are just the beginning of what promises to be an exciting journey in automotive innovation.

What You Need To Know About BMW  Swirl Flaps and How To Solve The Problem With Them

What You Need To Know About BMW Swirl Flaps and How To Solve The Problem With Them

Swirl flaps are a BMW system that has been introduced to help burn the fuel mixture in the cylinder better due to the fact that diesel engines do not have throttle valves and it is not possible to adjust the air-fuel ratio. A diesel engine without vortex valves operates between a poor and a rich fuel mixture, because the only way to regulate it is through fuel injection. Design of the first generation swirl flaps that are made of made of metal. Unfortunately, swirl flaps are responsible for countless damaged engines and costly repairs due to design errors or metal fatigue. Once damaged, the cylinder sucks them in and causes great damage. This is how damaged valves damage the cylinder. Typical swirl flaps suction damage. The vortex valves are positioned in the inlet and are controlled by vacuum (DDE 4.0) or electrically (DDE5.0 / DDE6.4) by the engine ECU. Effects of malfunctioning valves: Swirl valves are stuck in open position: Deterioration of exhaust gas performance at lower speeds. Swirl valves are stuck in closed position: Approximate power loss of 10% at high engine speeds. How swirl flaps work: Performance characteristics: The vortex valves are in the closed position, at low engine speeds and small amounts of fuel injected (controlled by the ECU card). They open under the following conditions: coolant temperature <14 ° C OR * fuel quantity> 24 mg OR engine speed 2250 rpm OR inlet air temperature <-5 ° C BMW and Pierburg have decided to produce diesel engines with metal vortex valves. The speed at which the pistons in the diesel engine operate is at least 60 rpm, so a sucked vortex valve will break and cause a number of damages inside the engine. In most cases, one or more pistons are severely damaged, as a bonus you get valves, in some cases a head or turbocharger. And this combination with a BMW engine is like a cumulative jackpot 🙂 In 2004, BMW began work on the problem and improved the design, however, a number of owners reported ongoing problems in this area. The solution to this problem is by removing the vortex valves and plugging, which does not affect the performance of the engine and at the same time, you can safely pass the exhaust test. Engines: M47 (136hp VP44 fuel pump) has no valves. M47N common rail engine (including M47N / M47TU / M47TUD20) (150hp. Face lift model from 2001 -) has valves. M57 engines (M57D) (525d & 187hp. 330d) cars with manual transmission do not have valves, but those with automatic have. M57N engines (M57TUD) (525d & 330d 204hp) have vortex valves. Ruined swirl flaps: The plugs that replace the vortex valves are easy to find on the internet, but you can also find them here on our website. Typical plugs: Disassembly of vortex valves: The vortex valves can be safely dismantled and in most cases if they are removed properly no loss of power is felt. Final list of models for which vortex valves are installed: Engine: M47N/M47TU/M47TUD20 Applications: * 110 kW (148 hp) and 330 N·m (243 lb·ft) o E46 320d 2001-2005 o E83 X3 2.0d (up to end of 2006) Engine: M47TU2D20 The engine was updated again in 2004 as the M47TU2D20. Still at 1995 cc, it produced more power across the range. Applications: * 120 kW (161 hp) and 340 N·m (251 lb·ft) E60/E61 520d E87 120d E90/E91 320d E83 X3 2.0d (end of 2006 onwards) Engine: M57/M57D25 M57D25 was introduced in 2000. Applications: * 166 PS (122 kW; 164 hp) at 4000 rpm, 350 N·m (260 lb·ft) at 2000-2500 rpm with a 4750 rpm redline, models: 2000-2003 E39 525d *Vehicles With Automatic Transmission ONLY* Engine: M57N/M57TU/M57TUD25 M57TUD25 was introduced in 2004. Applications: * 177 PS (130 kW; 175 hp) at 4000 rpm, 400 N·m (300 lb·ft) at 2000-2750 rpm models: E60/E61 525d Engine: M57/M57D30 M57D30, also called M57D29, was introduced in 1998. Applications: * 184 PS (135 kW; 181 hp)@4000, 390 N·m (290 lb·ft)@1750-3200 models: E39 530d *Vehicles With Automatic Transmission ONLY* E46 330d/330xd *Vehicles With Automatic Transmission ONLY* * 184 PS (135 kW; 181 hp)@4000, 410 N·m (300 lb·ft)@2000-3000 models: E38 730d *Vehicles With Automatic Transmission ONLY* E53 X5 3.0d * 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp)@4000, 410 N·m (300 lb·ft)@1750-3000 models: E38 730d E39 530d Engine: M57N/M57TU/M57TUD30 M57TUD30 was introduced in 2002. It originally produced 160 kW (215 hp) at 4000 rpm and 500 N·m (370 lb·ft) at 2000-2750 rpm, but was tweaked for 150 kW (201 hp) at 4000 rpm and 410 N·m (300 lb·ft) at 1500-3250 rpm for 2003 and again for 200 kW (268 hp) at 4000 rpm and 560 N·m (410 lb·ft) at 2000-2250 rpm in 2004. Applications: * 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp)@4000, 410 N·m (300 lb·ft)@1500-3250 models: E46 330d/330Cd/330xd E83 X3 3.0d * 218 PS (160 kW; 215 hp)@4000, 500 N·m (370 lb·ft)@2000-2750 models: E53 X5 3.0d E60/E61 530d/530xd E65 730d * 272 PS (200 kW; 268 hp)@4000, 560 N·m (410 lb·ft)@2000-2250 E60/E61 535d * 245 PS (180 kW; 242 hp)@4000, 500 N·m (370 lb·ft)@2000-2250 * 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp)@4000, 580 N·m (430 lb·ft)@2000-2250 Engine: M57TU2D30 M57TU2D30 was introduced in 2007, making its debut in the facelifted E60 and E61. * M57TU2D30-UL: 197 PS (145 kW; 194 hp) * M57TU2D30-OL: 235 PS (173 kW; 232 hp)@4000, 500 N·m (370 lb·ft)@2000-2750 * M57TU2D30-TOP: 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp), 580 N·m (430 lb·ft) Applications: * 197 PS (145 kW; 194 hp), 400 N·m (300 lb·ft) models: E90/E91/E92 325d E60/E61 525d/525xd * 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp)@4000, 500 N·m (370 lb·ft)@2000-2750 models: E65 730d E90/E91 325d E90/E91 330d/330xd * 235 PS (173 kW; 232 hp) models: E60/E61, BMW E70, BMW E71 * 286 PS (210 kW; 282 hp), 580 N·m (430 lb·ft) models: E60/E61 535d E70 X5 3.0sd E71 X6 xDrive35d E83 X3 3.0sd E90/E91 335d The above models are listed for information only if you want to to make sure your engine has valves installed, please contact a competent person. Please note that the information described above is for informational purposes only and does not claim to be reliable. Mr-key.com is not responsible for any repair work you undertake that is related to the topic described in this article.

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